The Comparation of Fuzzy AHP-SAW and Fuzzy AHP-VIKOR in Selection of SPF in Facial Sunscreen

Abstract

The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a decision-making method that evaluates multiple alternatives based on several criteria. This method is regarded as flexible in conceptualizing ideas and defining problems hierarchically. However, recent research indicates that the AHP method is perceived as imbalanced in its paired comparison scale, thus it must be combined with fuzzy logic and other decision support methods. This study combines the fuzzy AHP method with the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method and the fuzzy AHP method with the VIKOR method to compare the results produced by each method in determining the optimal SPF content in facial sunscreen. The fuzzy AHP method is deemed appropriate for this case study due to the subjective nature of skincare, as individuals possess varying skin types. The results reveal that the comparison of both methods in determining the criteria weights is identical, as they both utilize the fuzzy AHP (FAHP). In ranking the alternatives, the results also align, indicating that SPF 50 represents the optimal SPF value, with a score of 0.999 for FAHP-SAW and 0 for FAHP-VIKOR. However, the ranking approaches differ: FAHP-SAW is based on the highest preference value, while FAHP-VIKOR relies on the smallest index value. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis demonstrates that both methods yield identical results, indicating that changes in weight values do not affect the rankings in this case study.